Conventional machining is done by hand-operating ordinary machine tools. When machining, the machine tool is used to shake the metal by hand, and the tool is used to measure the accuracy of the product by means of a caliper. Modern industry has already been operating with computer-controlled digital machine tools. CNC machine tools can automatically process any product and component directly according to the program programmed by the technician. This is what we call "CNC machining." CNC machining is widely used in any field of machining, and it is the development trend of mold processing and an important and necessary technical means. What is CNC technology?
Computer digital control, referred to as Numerical Control (Numerical Control). It is a method of controlling the movement and processing of machine tools using digital information. A machine tool that implements machining control using numerical control technology, or a machine tool equipped with a numerical control system is called a numerically controlled machine tool. The numerical control system includes: numerical control device, programmable controller, spindle drive and feed device, etc. The CNC machine tool is a highly integrated product of machine, electricity, liquid, gas and light. To achieve control of the machine tool, geometric information is needed to describe the relative motion between the tool and the workpiece, and process information is used to describe some of the process parameters that must be available for machine tool machining. For example: feed speed, spindle speed, spindle reversal, tool change, coolant switch, etc. The information is formed into a processing file (that is, a CNC machining program normally referred to) in a certain format and stored on an information carrier (such as a magnetic disk, a punched tape, a magnetic tape, etc.), and then read by a numerical control system on the machine tool, and decoded by the same. , thus allowing the machine to move and machine parts. Modern CNC machine tools are typical products of mechatronics, and are the technical basis for next-generation production technology and computer integrated manufacturing systems.
The development trend of modern CNC machine tools is high speed, high precision, high reliability, multi-function, composite, intelligent and open structure. The main development trend is to develop intelligent full-featured universal numerical control devices with soft and hardware structures with open structure. CNC technology is the basis of machining automation, and is the core technology of CNC machine tools. Its level is related to the national strategic position and the level of national comprehensive strength. It is related to the development of information technology, microelectronics technology, automation technology and testing technology. development of. The CNC machining center is a CNC machine tool with a tool magazine that can automatically change tools and perform various machining operations on a workpiece within a certain range. The characteristics of the machined parts on the machining center are: after the workpiece is machined, the CNC system can control the machine tool to automatically select and replace the tool according to different processes; automatically change the spindle speed, feed rate and the movement of the tool relative to the workpiece. And other auxiliary functions, continuously drilling, boring, reaming, boring, tapping, milling and other multi-step machining on each workpiece surface. Since the machining center can complete various processes in a centralized and automatic manner, it avoids man-made operation errors, reduces workpiece clamping, measurement and adjustment time of the machine tool, and workpiece turnover, handling and storage time, greatly improving machining efficiency and machining accuracy. Therefore, it has good economic benefits. The machining center can be divided into vertical machining center and horizontal machining center according to the position of the main shaft in space.
CNC technology and equipment are the enabling technologies and the most basic equipment for the development of emerging high-tech industries and cutting-edge industries. The national defense industry, such as information industry, bio-industry, aviation, and aerospace, widely use numerical control technology to improve manufacturing capacity and level, and improve their adaptability and competitiveness to the market. Industrial developed countries also listed numerical control technology and numerical control equipment as the national strategic materials, not only vigorously developing their own numerical control technology and its industry, but also imposing a blockade and restriction policy on China in terms of “high-precision” numerical control key technologies and equipment. Therefore, vigorously developing advanced manufacturing technology with CNC technology as the core has become an important way for the developed countries in the world to accelerate economic development and improve their overall national strength and national status.
